Ciwon baya shine matsalar gaggawa a magani. Tare da gaskiyar cewa ciwon baya yana daya daga cikin dalilan da suka fi dacewa don ziyartar likita, yawancin al'amurran wannan matsala har yanzu ba a fahimta sosai ba, kuma akwai ƙananan magunguna waɗanda ke da tushe mai karfi.
A lokacin rayuwa, 70-80% na yawan jama'a suna fama da ciwon baya aƙalla sau ɗaya. Bisa ga nazarin cututtukan cututtuka, yawancin ciwo a cikin ƙananan baya ya kai 40-80%. A cikin 10-20% na marasa lafiya na shekarun aiki, ciwon baya mai tsanani ya canza zuwa na kullum. Wannan rukuni ne na marasa lafiya wanda ke da alamun rashin lafiya game da farfadowa, kuma yana da nauyin 80% na duk farashin kiwon lafiya don maganin ciwon baya.
Ciwon baya ya saba da kowa. Har ma wadanda ba su sani ba game da likitoci, wani lokaci suna samun raɗaɗi masu zafi waɗanda ke faruwa duka lokacin tafiya da hutawa, a cikin jigilar jama'a, a wurin aiki, ko da lokacin barci. A matsayinka na mai mulki, alamun farko na rashin jin daɗi a baya ana danganta su ga gajiya, yawan aiki, matsanancin motsa jiki. Lallai ciwon baya sau da yawa yakan tafi da kansa bayan wasu sa'o'i na hutawa. Duk da haka, ciwo mai tsanani shine dalilin damuwa. Kuma ba a banza ba. Bayan haka, wannan na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin alamun farko na cututtuka na kashin baya, ko wasu gabobin ciki.
Me ke kawo ciwon baya?
A matsayinka na mai mulki, raunin da ya faru, ko kuma kawai raunin da ya faru, yana haifar da irin wannan rashin jin daɗi, wato:
- karaya;
- Scoliosis;
- Spasms;
- Ƙwaƙwalwar tsoka;
- Cututtukan zuciya, koda;
- Hernia;
- Osteochondrosis.
A cikin 'yan mata, jawo ciwon baya, tare da gajiya, yana nuna ciki. Ciwon baya ya zama ruwan dare ga mutanen da ke motsi kadan, suna aiki a kwamfuta na dogon lokaci, ko kuma suna yin aikin motsa jiki mai alaƙa da ɗaukar abubuwa masu nauyi. Hakanan yana ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar raɗaɗi masu raɗaɗi rashin abinci mai gina jiki, shan taba, yawan shan barasa.
Me ke kawo ciwon baya?
Bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan cututtuka na vertebrogenic sune matsawa-ischemic syndromes, galibi radiculopathy (daga 5 zuwa 10%) da cututtukan muscular-tonic reflex syndromes waɗanda ke rakiyar radiculopathy ko ana lura da su a keɓe (90%).
Kowane motsi na jin zafi na gida yana haifar da, da farko, reflex a cikin sashin da ya dace da shi. A cikin wannan yanki, muna lura da wani yanki na hyperalgesia na fata, tashin hankali na tsoka, maki mai raɗaɗi na periosteum, ƙuntatawa na motsi a cikin sashin da ya dace na kashin baya, da (yiwuwar) rashin aiki na gabobin ciki. Koyaya, tasirin reflex bai iyakance ga sashi ɗaya ba. Canje-canje na Dystrophic a cikin ɓangaren motsi na kashin baya yana haifar da amsawa na adadi mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da tashin hankali a cikin tsokoki na baya. Pathology a cikin kewaye yana haifar da amsawar tsakiya; wannan yana haifar da canji a cikin stereotype na motsi a matsayin hanya don kare tsarin da ya lalace. Don haka, wani nau'in motsi ya taso, wanda zai iya dawwama ko da bayan kawar da tsarin da ya haifar da shi.
Ciwon baya yana da alaƙa ba kawai ta ciwon ciwo na gida ba, amma har ma da mahimmancin bayyanar cututtuka. A lokacin zafi mai zafi, bayyanar da damuwa yana tasowa, har zuwa bakin ciki. A lokaci guda kuma, akwai rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin kima na ciwo, da kuma ƙaddamar da bayyanar cututtuka na waje na ciwo, ko kuma, akasin haka, rashin hankali da hankali a cikin ƙungiyoyi. A lokaci guda kuma, sassan kiwon lafiya da aiki suna haɗuwa sosai, haɗuwa tare da alamun tattalin arziki, haɗarin rasa aiki. Babban likita ne kawai zai iya yin la'akari da duk nau'ikan abubuwan da ke cikin kula da majiyyaci.
Ciwon baya na tsawon lokaci, wanda ke sa ka ga likita, yana faruwa ne ta hanyar lalacewa ga kashin baya da kansu, fayafai na intervertebral da haɗin gwiwa, ligamentous ko tsoka na kashin baya. A wannan yanayin, cutar da ta haifar da bayyanar zafi na iya zama duka masu dacewa a cikin jiyya da tsinkaye (misali, osteochondrosis), da kuma m (metastases zuwa kashin baya, myeloma mai yawa).
Bugu da ƙari, ciwon baya na iya kasancewa tare da cututtuka na gabobin ciki, irin su pyelonephritis, cututtuka na gabobin ciki na ciki, ƙananan hanji.
Ciwon baya a cikin raunuka daban-daban na degenerative-dystrophic na kashin baya yana da siffofi na pathogenetic na kowa. Hanyoyi uku masu mahimmanci na pathophysiological don bunkasa ciwon baya a halin yanzu an gane su. Hanya na farko yana hade da tsinkaye na gefe, wato, tare da karuwa a cikin tashin hankali na masu karɓar ciwo na gefe (nociceptors) saboda rauni, kamuwa da cuta, ko wasu dalilai. Nociceptors da ke da alhakin ciwon baya suna samuwa a cikin annulus fibrosus na diski na intervertebral, ligament na baya na tsaye, supraspinatus, interspinous da intertransverse ligaments, yankunan dura mater, facet da sacroiliac gidajen abinci, tushen jijiya na kashin baya, ganglia na kashin baya, tsokoki na paravertebral. Ƙunƙarar vertebrae da flavum na ligamentum ba yawanci suna da nociceptors. Sashin tsakiya na diski intervertebral ya ƙunshi babban adadin enzyme phospholipase A2, wanda ke shiga cikin metabolism na arachidonic acid, wanda ya haifar da samuwar masu shiga tsakani kamar prostaglandins da leukotrienes. Bugu da ƙari, masu shiga tsakani na ciwon neurogenic, irin su abu P, peptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), da kuma peptide mai sarrafa kwayoyin halitta na calcitonin, za a iya saki daga filaye masu mahimmanci da ke kewaye da ƙaho na baya na kashin baya, wanda ke haifar da ciwo. Abubuwan P da VIP suna haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar aikin enzymatic na proteases da collagenases kuma suna iya haɓaka hanyoyin haɓakawa a cikin hadaddun haɗin gwiwa guda uku (intervertebral disc, vertebra da facet haɗin gwiwa). Hankalin mai karɓa yana faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewa ga kyallen jikin musculoskeletal na baya da kuma sakin waɗannan abubuwa masu kumburi. A sakamakon haka, ko da raunin inji mai rauni yana kunna nociceptors kuma yana haifar da ciwo.
Na biyu pathophysiological inji - Neural ectopia - lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ga tushen, jijiya ko kashin baya ganglion a lokacin rauni, matsawa ko ischemia. Matsakaicin tashin hankali na ƙananan ƙwayoyin jijiya yana raguwa, tushen ectopic na abubuwan sha'awa ba tare da bata lokaci ba ya bayyana, yana haifar da ciwon neuropathic ko radicular, wanda ke da wuyar magancewa. Wani yuwuwar tushen ciwon radicular shine ganglion na kashin baya.
Hanya na uku yana da alaƙa da tsinkaye na tsakiya, wanda ke nuna karuwa a yawan adadin tsarin aiki a cikin kashin baya da kwakwalwa lokacin da ƙwayar nociceptive ke faruwa a cikin gefe. A duk lokacin da zafi mai zafi ya faru, yana ƙaruwa a cikin kashin baya, yana sa ciwon ya karu. A lokaci guda, har ma da raunin da ya faru na afferents yana taimakawa wajen bayyanar da abin da ake kira ciwo na tsakiya. Raunin kwakwalwa kai tsaye (rauni na kashin baya, bugun jini) na iya jawo hankalin tsakiya.
Menene yanayin ciwon baya?
A matsayinka na mai mulki, ciwon baya yana jin zafi, ja, mayar da hankali a wani yanki na kashin baya. Duk da haka, akwai kuma kaifin hare-haren da ba zato ba tsammani, abin da ake kira lumbago. Hakanan yana yiwuwa ya haskaka ciwon baya tare da yada shi zuwa ga gaɓoɓi, wuyansa, kafadu. Don haka, bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban na cututtuka na baya suna yiwuwa, wanda ke nuna kulawar da ake bukata don magance ƙaddarar mataki na cutar da nau'insa.
Yadda za a gane ciwon baya?
Don ƙayyade maganin da ake bukata, likitoci, a matsayin mai mulkin, fara magana da mai haƙuri, da sha'awar alamun da ke haifar da ciwon baya, da kuma yanayin sauran gabobin. Ana iya buƙatar gwajin jini da fitsari, da kuma gwajin jiki.
Daga cikin hanyoyin bincike na zamani da ake amfani da su:
- X-ray;
- Hoton rawanin maganadisu;
- CT scan.
Yaya ake maganin ciwon baya?
Abin takaici, ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da irin wannan yanayin gaba daya kamar ciwon baya, duk da haka, yiwuwar rage rashin jin daɗi yana da yawa. Don wannan, ana amfani da hanyoyin likitanci, da kuma hanyoyin magungunan mazan jiya.
Don haka, daga cikin magungunan da aka fi amfani da su:
- Magunguna masu hana kumburi;
- Chondoprotectors;
- Masu shakatawa na tsoka;
- Maganin kashe zafi.
Duk da haka, ku tuna cewa yawan amfani da waɗannan kwayoyi na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa, don haka saya da amfani da su kawai bisa shawarar likita.
Hanyoyin magani masu ra'ayin mazan jiya yawanci ba su da zafi kuma ba sa kawo rikitarwa, duk da haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da su a ƙarƙashin jagorancin likita wanda zai yi la'akari da ciwon baya. Misali, tare da cututtukan zuciya da suka gabata, hernia, matsaloli tare da jijiyoyin jini da kewayar jini, hanyoyin jiyya na hannu na iya cutar da su kawai. Daga cikin hanyoyin da ba na magunguna ba da ake amfani da su a asibitoci daban-daban, zamu iya bambanta:
- Massotherapy;
- Hanyoyin physiotherapy;
- Hanyoyin magani na hannu;
- Acupuncture;
- Laser far;
- Electrophoresis.
Ka tuna cewa kowane ɗayan waɗannan ayyukan ya kamata a yi ta kwararru ne kawai!
Hanyar magani, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni biyu zuwa uku, kuma don ƙarfafa sakamakon, zaka iya haɗa jiyya a cikin sanatorium.
Yadda za a hana ciwon baya?
Domin ciwon baya ya yi wuya ya dame ku, bi waɗannan dokoki:
- Ka kiyaye matsayinka, kada ku yi tagumi;
- Kada ku yi aiki mai tsawo a matsayi ɗaya;
- Yi ƙoƙarin zama ƙasa da ƙafafu;
- Yi ƙasa da motsi na kwatsam;
- Barci akan gado mai wuya;
- Ku ci daidai, daina shan taba da barasa;
- Shiga don wasanni, je wurin motsa jiki ko wurin shakatawa, halarci sassan motsa jiki ko yoga;
- Kada ku yi tafiya na dogon lokaci a cikin manyan sheqa.
Ciwon baya yana da daɗi, musamman a cikin bayyanar cututtuka na yau da kullun da kaifin kai hari, duk da haka, ingantaccen magani da salon rayuwa na iya taimaka muku cikin sauƙin magance wannan matsalar!